Bio Photonics Research

  1. Introduction Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a neglected tropical disease caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus , posing a major public health concern worldwide. Characterized by slow progression and often asymptomatic presentation in early stages, CE complicates timely and accurate diagnosis. Traditional imaging and serological methods lack the sensitivity and specificity required for early-stage detection. As a result, research is increasingly focused on the development of innovative diagnostic approaches. This study investigates the use of advanced vibrational spectroscopy techniques, namely surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in conjunction with machine learning algorithms, to provide a non-invasive and highly accurate method for early diagnosis of CE using mouse models. 2. Spectroscopic Techniques in Disease Diagnostics Vibrational spectroscopy has emerged as a promising analytical tool for biomed...

  1. Introduction Non-enzymatic glycation, the spontaneous reaction between reducing sugars and proteins, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, its vascular complications, and neurodegenerative disorders. Human serum albumin (HSA), the most abundant plasma protein, is especially prone to glycation due to its long half-life and numerous lysine residues. The progression from early glycation to advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) encompasses multiple molecular transitions, making its real-time analysis challenging. Traditional biochemical assays are often insufficient to track the nuanced changes during early and intermediate stages of glycation. This research addresses this gap by applying vibrational spectroscopy techniques to monitor and quantify glycation progression in HSA. 2. Role of Infrared Spectroscopy in Monitoring Protein Glycation Infrared spectroscopy, including both near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) regions, ...

  1. Introduction Gas sensing technologies are crucial for environmental monitoring, industrial safety, and medical diagnostics. In this research, a novel gas sensing technique is proposed using a quartz crystal tuning fork (QCTF) enhanced spectroscopy method, integrating self-calibration algorithms that consider both the resonant frequency and quality factor of the QCTF. The aim is to improve sensing accuracy, responsiveness, and adaptability to varying environmental pressures, offering a robust alternative to conventional methods. 2. QCTF-Enhanced Spectroscopy Mechanism Quartz crystal tuning forks (QCTFs) serve as highly sensitive detectors due to their sharp resonance characteristics. In this technique, the QCTF is used to enhance spectroscopic detection by precisely tracking its resonance behavior. The sensitivity of QCTFs to environmental changes such as pressure and temperature is leveraged by incorporating resonance and quality factor-based calibration to improve the reliabi...

  1. Introduction The growing demand for natural products in pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and biotechnology has prompted advancements in microbial cell factory engineering. Among the innovative approaches, biosensor-based droplet microfluidic high-throughput screening has emerged as a powerful technique for detecting and selecting high-yield microbial strains. This method leverages genetically encoded biosensors to produce measurable outputs in response to specific metabolite concentrations, enabling rapid identification of desirable phenotypes from large mutant libraries. However, inherent biological variability among microbial cells poses challenges to the reliability and accuracy of this technique, necessitating refined strategies to enhance screening fidelity. 2. Limitations of Traditional Whole-Cell Biosensors in Droplet Microfluidics Conventional single-color whole-cell biosensors, while effective under controlled conditions, often fail to maintain accuracy within microfl...

  1. Introduction The development of sensitive, selective, and robust biosensors for detecting biomolecules in complex sample matrices has become a significant focus in analytical chemistry and biotechnology. L-arginine (L-arg), an essential amino acid involved in various physiological processes, demands precise and reliable detection, especially in real samples like food or biological fluids. Conductometric biosensors, which rely on changes in conductivity to indicate analyte concentration, present a promising approach. In the context of L-arg determination, an innovative biosensor combining enzymatic activity with ion-sensitive materials offers a new pathway for enhanced accuracy and stability. 2. Biosensor Design and Enzyme Immobilization Strategy The biosensor was fabricated by co-immobilizing two key enzymes—arginase and urease—alongside an ion-selective material, zeolite clinoptilolite (Clt), on gold interdigitated electrodes. The arrangement of these components on the se...

  1. Introduction Scientific literature classification is essential for organizing biomedical knowledge and evaluating research trends. The Triangle of Biomedicine (TB) offers a geometric representation of how publications are distributed across human, animal, and molecular-cellular research domains. This framework supports translational medicine by visually mapping the focus and trajectory of biomedical studies. Yet, the integration of citation-based analysis with TB classification presents a novel opportunity to enhance understanding of research dynamics. 2. Methodology for Citation Vector Generation To determine the evolving position of biomedical articles in the TB, this study introduces a method for generating citation vectors based on MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) term distributions. These vectors are calculated using the metadata of directly cited articles in PubMed, quantifying the proportion of citations within human, animal, and molecular-cellular domains. This appr...